Advanced coal preparation and beyond : CO₂ capture conversion of waste to byproducts / by S. Komar Kawatra.

"Updating content from the author's 2001 book Coal Desulfurization, this new title focuses on CO₂ sequestration and utilization. It includes information on the theory and practical approaches to CO₂ capture and recent advances in the use of sequestered CO₂"-- Provided by publisher.

Cover -- Half Title -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Table of Contents -- Preface -- Author -- Chapter 1 Introduction -- 1.1 Need for Carbon Dioxide Capture -- 1.2 Need for Sulfur Removal -- 1.3 Forms of Sulfur in Coal -- 1.3.1 Sources of Sulfur in Coal -- 1.3.2 Pyritic Sulfur -- 1.3.3 Organic Sulfur -- 1.3.3.1 Thiols -- 1.3.3.2 Suldefis -- 1.3.3.3 Disuldefis -- 1.3.3.4 Thiophenes -- 1.3.3.5 Occurrence of the Forms of Organic Sulfur -- 1.3.4 Sulfate Sulfur -- 1.3.5 Elemental Sulfur -- 1.4 Properties of Coal -- 1.5 Liberation -- 1.6 Advanced Coal Cleaning

1.7 Relationships for Calculating Sulfur Removal Performance -- 1.7.1 Yield -- 1.7.2 Combustibles -- 1.7.3 Sulfur Reduction -- 1.7.4 Sulfur Removal -- 1.7.5 Desirables Recovery -- 1.7.6 Separation Efcfiiency -- 1.8 Summary -- References -- Chapter 2 Analytical Methods -- 2.1 Chemical Methods -- 2.1.1 ASTM Standard Methods -- 2.1.1.1 Total Sulfur -- 2.1.1.2 Sulfate Sulfur (ASTM D2492, D8214) -- 2.1.1.3 Pyritic Sulfur (ASTM D2492, D8214) -- 2.1.1.4 Organic Sulfur -- 2.1.2 Elemental Sulfur -- 2.1.3 Organic Sulfur Forms -- 2.2 Spectroscopic Methods -- 2.2.1 X-Ray Spectroscopy -- 2.2.1.1 Fluorescence

2.2.1.2 Diffraction -- 2.2.1.3 X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) -- 2.2.2 Mössbauer Spectroscopy -- 2.2.3 Infrared Spectroscopy -- 2.2.4 Raman Spectroscopy -- 2.2.5 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance -- 2.2.6 Auger Electron Spectroscopy -- 2.2.7 Secondary Ion Mass Spectroscopy -- 2.3 Microscopic Techniques -- 2.3.1 Optical Microscopy -- 2.3.2 Electron Microprobe Analysis -- 2.3.3 Image Analysis -- 2.4 Other Techniques -- 2.4.1 Float-Sink Analysis -- 2.4.2 Thermal Analysis -- 2.4.3 Chromatographic Analysis -- 2.5 On-Line Analysis -- 2.5.1 X-Ray Fluorescence

2.5.2 Prompt Gamma Neutron Activation Analysis -- 2.5.2.1 Principle of Operation -- 2.5.2.2 Calibration -- 2.5.2.3 Equipment Design -- 2.5.2.4 Applications -- 2.5.3 On-Line Ash Analysis in Coal Slurries -- 2.6 Emissions Monitoring -- 2.7 Summary -- References -- Chapter 3 Precombustion/Postcombustion Desulfurization -- 3.1 Precombustion Desulfurization -- 3.1.1 Benefits of Precombustion Desulfurization -- 3.1.2 Processing Costs -- 3.2 Postcombustion Desulfurization -- 3.2.1 Scrubber Technologies -- 3.2.1.1 Wet Scrubbers -- 3.2.1.2 Spray-Dry Scrubbers -- 3.2.1.3 Venturi Scrubbers

3.2.1.4 Dry Sorbent Injection -- 3.2.1.5 SNOX System -- 3.2.2 In-Combustor Technologies -- 3.2.2.1 Fluid-Bed Combustion (FBC) -- 3.2.2.2 Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle -- 3.3 Relative Costs of Sulfur Control Processes -- 3.3.1 Postcombustion Sulfur Removal Costs -- 3.3.2 Benefits of Combining Precombustion and Postcombustion Desulfurization -- 3.4 Summary -- References -- Chapter 4 Heavy-Media Separation -- 4.1 Determination of Sulfur-Removal Ability of Density Separators -- 4.2 Case Study: Analysis of Sulfur Removal at the Meigs Plant -- 4.2.1 Plant Description

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